Universal Serial Bus (USB) is an emerging data communication method that gradually replaces other interface standards. It was established in 1995 by computer companies and communication companies such as Intel, Compaq, Digital, IBM, Microsoft, NEC, and Northern Telecom. Jointly formulated in 1988 and gradually formed industry standards. As a high-speed serial bus, the USB bus has a very high transmission speed that can meet the application environment requirements of high-speed data transmission, and the bus also has simple power supply (bus-powered), convenient installation and configuration (supports plug-and-play and Hot swap), easy expansion ports (up to 127 peripherals can be expanded through a hub), diversified transmission methods (4 transmission modes), and good compatibility (downward compatibility after product upgrades).

   Since its introduction, the universal serial bus (USB) has successfully replaced serial ports and parallel ports, and has become one of the standard expansion interfaces and necessary interfaces for a large number of computers and smart devices in the 21st century. It has now been developed to the USB 4.0 version. USB has the advantages of fast transmission speed, easy use, support for hot plugging, flexible connection, independent power supply, etc. It can be connected to a variety of peripherals such as keyboards, mice, and mass storage devices. This interface is also widely used in smart phones. The interaction between smart devices such as computers and external data is mainly based on the network and USB interfaces.